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Special rules/information:
This variant is based on Scenario VIII (To the Renaissance) from Machiavelli Version 2.
The start date is Spring 1253.
Every country can build on all supply centers they own.
Some provinces start with neutral armies on them. These armies disband once dislodged and cannot be rebuilt again.
Starting Positions:
Aragon - A Palermo, F Messina, F Sardinia
Avignon - A Avignon, A Naples, F Marseilles, F Bari
Florence - A Piombino, A Florence, A Pisa
Milan - A Cremona, A Milan, A Pavia
Genoa - F Genoa, F Savoy, A Modena
Papacy - A Perugia, A Rome, F Ancona
Venice - A Padua, A Ferrara, F Venice
Background: As a result of both continual opposition by the Papacy and the rising influence of the Italian city states, the Holy Roman Empire's hold on northern Italy was virtually at an end. In the south too, the descendants of Frederick II found their power stripped from them by the active cooperation of Pope Urban IV and his French favorite, Charles of Anjou. Charles brought an army to southern Italy, defeated Frederick's son Manfred in battle, and seized what was left of Imperial power there, calling himself King of Naples. Deeply resenting French influence in their affairs, the Sicilians called upon Pedro III of Aragon (who was related to Frederick by marriage) for military assistance. Pedro defeated Charles and became King of Sicily. In the ensuing years Pedro's descendants extended the power of Aragon to include both Corsica and Sardinia. Thus, by the end of the century, southern Italy was divided between the French and the Spanish. The Holy Roman Empire had been effectively excluded from the Italian peninsula.
In the north, the trade rivalries between Venice and Genoa had led to open warfare. Genoa, in this period, gained the upper hand and reached the peak of its power and prestige. (It was at this time that Marco Polo, who had since returned from China, was captured by the Genoese and imprisoned.) Milan also grew in importance as the leading manufacturing center on the Lombard plain, while Florence on the other side of the Apennines began to acquire neighboring lands and to increase its military muscle. In a short period of time, Florence became the cultural capital of Europe and the birthplace of the Renaissance.
Province abbreviations:
ALB - Albania
ANC - Ancona
AQU - Aquila
ARE - Arezzo
AVI - Avignon
BAR - Bari
BER - Bergamo
BOL - Bologna
BOS - Bosnia
CAP - Capua
CEN - Central Mediterranean
COR - Corsica
CRE - Cremona
CRI - Carinthia
CRN - Carinthia
CRO - Croatia
DAL - Dalmatia
DUR - Durazzo
FER - Ferrara
FLO - Florence
FOR - Formova
FRI - Friulia
GEN - Genoa
GOL - Gulf of Lyon
GON - Gulf of Naples
HER - Hergozovina
ION - Ionian Sea
IST - Istria
LIG - Ligurian Sea
LOW - Lower Adriatic Sea
LUC - Lucca
MAN - Mantua
MAR - Marseilles
MES - Messina
MIL - Milan
MOD - Modena
MON - Montferrat
NAP - Naples
OTR - Otranto
PAD - Padua
PAL - Palermo
PAR - Parma
PAT - Patrimony
PAV - Pavia
PER - Perugia
PIO - Piombino
PRO - Provence
PSA - Pisa
PST - Pistoia
RAG - Ragusa
ROM - Rome
SAR - Sardinia
SAV - Savoy
SIE - Siena
SLA - Slavonia
SLE - Salerno
SLU - Saluzzo
SPO - Spoleto
SWI - Swiss
TRN - Trent
TRV - Treviso
TUN - Tunis
TUR - Turin
TYN - Tyrrhenian Sea
TYR - Tyrolia
UPP - Upper Adriatic Sea
URB - Urbino
VEN - Venice
VER - Verona
WES - Western Mediterranean