Some notes:
The North starts with only 2 SCs because it takes a long time for any Northern army to assemble and march, and they are so spread out it takes time. Additionally, the army in the Dreadfort will take *convincing* due to the Bolton's hostility to the Starks.
Also, a fleet can move from the Rills to Torrhen's Square (as the Ironborn did in the books).
Starting builds are both armies in the north.
For the Vale, armies start in the Bloody Gate and Runestone (representing the armies led by Brynden Tully and Bronze Yohn Royce). A fleet in Gulltown to represent the naval power there (may be changed to an army). Strongsong is another SC.
The Iron Islands will start with 3 fleets, and an additional fleet hanging off the coast of the North to represent the reavers. They will have to capture territory to keep their extra fleet, pay the iron price and what not. Also, in an ideal world they would be able to transform their fleets into armies (since their ship crews are fighters, a la Vikings).
The Westerlands will start with three standing armies, positioned in Golden Tooth, Hornvale, and Lannisport, showing their preparedness for war (as in the books) and their general wealth to maintain a large standing army. I will likely add a fourth Lannister SC at Crakehall.
So far I haven't mapped out the SCs/territories of the Riverlands, but there will be a standing army in the Twins like at the Dreadfort. The Riverlands will probably have armies in Riverrun and Harrenhal, with ones they can grab at Pinkmaiden and Seagard.
The Reach, being the most populous territory, will have the most SCs and units. A fleet in the Arbor, a second in Oldtown. Armies in Highgarden, the Shields (allowing a navy to overcome them as in the books), High Hill (Tarly), Goldengrove, and Brightwater Keep. Brightwater will have a standing army (the Florents aren't huge fans of the Tyrells).
Fleets will be able to sail up the Mander from the Shields to Highgarden.
Dorne will have armies standing in Sunspear, Yronwood, Kingsgrave, and Stafall. Dorne was prepared in the books at the beginning, and thus would be in this also. If possible, I would make it so Dorne couldn't build fleets, as Dorne is not and could not be (no trees) a naval power.
The Stormlands so far I haven't planned, but would have armies in Storm's End and Nightsong, as well as a fleet in Tarth. Probably one more unit (either a second fleet in Estermont or another army), with one neutral starting SC (Blackhaven).
The Crownlands would not be an actual player. A Lannister army would be in King's Landing, and occupying it as an SC. Dragonstone would hold a fleet representing Stannis Baratheon. A second unit would be on Driftmark, just west of Dragonstone. Probably an army, representing the few troops Stannis has.
Stannis would also start with 4 extra fleets, representing Salladhor Saan's Lyseni. Since Stannis will only start with 1 or 2 SCs, he needs to capture territory to pay off his pirates, or risk losing them.
Anyway, the way I see it now there would be 7 players:
The Kingdom of the North and the Riverlands, representing Robb Stark and his northern lords and the river lords
The King on the Iron Throne: representing Joffrey and the Lannisters. Would control King's Landing and the Westerlands. Would probably have one extra unit in the Crownlands instead of a 4th in the West
The King of the Islands: representing Balon Greyjoy and his ironborn raiders.
The King in the Reach: representing Renly. Would control the forces of the Reach and the armies of the Stormlands.
The King on Dragonstone: representing Stannis. Would control the fleets of the Narrow Sea, the Lyseni Pirates, and the fleets of the Stormlands.
Dorne: representing Doran Martell, neutral in the conflict but can be swayed.
The Vale: representing Lysa Arryn. Although neutral in the books/show, could be persuaded to enter the conflict.
Other things I'm considering are adding in the west coast of Essos (Lys, Pentos, Volantis, Braavos, etc.), or extending the map all the way across Essos (could be a separate variant).
An economic board might also be added, to show how some countries are rich (Lannisters, Tyrells, Arryns) and others not so much (Greyjoys, Starks, Martells). For example, Lannisters might start with 10 gold to buy mercenary units out of Essos.
So Lannisters buy one unit from Essos. Next unit (overall) costs 2. Then 3. Then 4 etc.